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Kiskunság National Park - The varied nature
Size of protected area: Out of 56.761 hectare protected area, 12.457 hectares are protected to a greater extent.
Location: The national park comprises of nine separate areas, their location is expalined in the detailed description.
Visiting: Different regulations apply to each area, but only a few can be visited without restrictions. Generally there are built educational paths, dirt roads at visitors' disposal, and for the rest one needs a permit or/and a guide. There are a few places which – especially in hatching periods – cannot be visited. More information about restrictions is available in the centre of the national park. (Kecskemét, Liszt F. u. 19.) -web page- The Southern Great Hungarian Plain's diverse and peaceful landscape, it's special flora and fauna is not only the secret world of scientists, amateur botanists and ornithologists but also represents a preferred touring area for nature-lovers. This region having a regulated and well organised ecotourism provides plenty of possibilities for the visitors.
The romantic gallery forests along the Southern Danube and in the valleys of the Tisza and Maros rivers, the last remnants of botanical rarities of once widespread loess plains, juniper forests and dry grasslands of sandy areas are all very typical habitats for this diverse landscape. Heronries of vast reedbeds, shorebirds of sodic lakes, which are real rarities in rest of Europe, the migration of Cranes in misty November and the strongest population of Great Bustard in Hungary are all parts of the natural richness, that are worth becoming acquainted with. The natural and ethnographic treasures of the Kiskunság National Park are closely linked to the agricultural character of the Great Plain. The varied nature of the park can be attributed to its mosaic-like structure of different landscapes and habitats.
The Kiskunság National Park was established in 1975 to protect the natural assets of the expansive plains along the River Danube: the Upper Little Cumanian (Felső-Kiskunság) puszta and lakes, and Miklapuszta.
The largest geographical unit of the area between the rivers Danube and Tisza is the Homokhátság (Sand Ridge), the most distinctive area of the Kiskunság National Park. Its areas are the Fülöpháza Sand Dunes (Fülöpházi buckavidék), Orgovány, and Bugac, perhaps the best-known part of the national park. The natural values and animal husbandry traditions can be seen in an exhibition in the Herdsmen's Museum (Pásztormúzeum). Horse shows are staged daily in high season. The surface of the Upper Little Cumanian puszta is dominated by meadows and pasture. Amongst the birds that breed on saline steppe the strictly protected great bustard is worth special attention. The traditional animal keeping and the grazing of the old Hungarian domestic animals play a key role in the preservation of the landscape to this day. The largest stock of grey cattle (szürkemarha) in Hungary is that at Apaj.
Situated on the Solt Plain (Solti-lapály) between Szabadszállás and Akasztó, the Upper Little Cumanian lakes form the largest saline lake system in Hungary. The area is an important stop for migrating birds and is protected according to the Ramsar Convention. The smallest geographical unit of the Kiskunság National Park can be found in the Lower Tisza region (Alsó-Tisza-vidék) between Lakitelek and Tiszaalpár. The most well-known part of the Szikra and Alpár meadows is the Tőserdő Forest, a popular waterside resort. Its wildlife preserves the teeming life of the River Tisza floodplains. The area has a considerable thermal water reserve.
The national park has two landscape protection areas along the Tisza floodplain, one of which covers the important habitats of the oxbow lakes at Pusztaszer. Two fishing lake systems, the White Lake (Fehértó) and Csaj Lake, are famous for their bird populations. The Ópusztaszer Memorial Park of National History is also in this area.
Visiting information:
In terms of access for visitors, the protected areas of the Natonal Park are divided into zones. These have study trails, marked paths and a number of lookout towers (at Bugac, Tőserdő, Lake Kolon, Fülöpháza Dunes). These areas may be accessed on the marked routes only.
Exhibitions and visitor centres are also part of the national park:
The House of Nature (Természet Háza) in Kecskemét hosting natural science exhibitions and educational programmes; the Herdsmen's Museum in Bugacpuszta with artefacts connected to animal husbandry and the life of shepherds in Little Cumania; the Virágh Villa with a local history collection; and the Cut Throat Wayside Inn Museum (Nyakvágó Csárdamúzeum) in Kunszentmiklós.
Kiskunság National Park consists of half a dozen "islands" of land totalling more than 760 sq km. Much of the park's alkaine ponds, dunes and grassy "deserts" are offlimits to casual visitors, but you can get a close look at this environmentally fragile area - and see the famous horse herds go through their paces - at Bugac on a sandy steppe 30 km southwest of Kecskemét. The Southern Great Hungarian Plain's diverse and peaceful landscape, it's special flora and fauna is not only the secret world of scientists, amateur botanists and ornithologists but also represents a preferred touring area for nature-lovers. This region having a regulated and well organised ecotourism provides plenty of possibilities for the visitors.
The romantic gallery forests along the Southern Danube and in the valleys of the Tisza and Maros rivers, the last remnants of botanical rarities of once widespread loess plains, juniper forests and dry grasslands of sandy areas are all very typical habitats for this diverse landscape. Heronries of vast reedbeds, shorebirds of sodic lakes, which are real rarities in rest of Europe, the migration of Cranes in misty November and the strongest population of Great Bustard in Hungary are all parts of the natural richness, that are worth becoming acquainted with.
Tourists visiting the Southern Great Plain may explore it's genuine natural features in three National Parks and attaching Lanscape Protection and Nature Conservation Areas. This national park that encompasses diverse geographical and historical dimensions is located on the plain between the Danube and the Tisza rivers. Its mosaic structure was created as a result of extensive land utilisation. The national park was established in 1975 and has an area of almost 500 km2 . Owing to its Quaternary surface morphology, the nine regional units cover vast stretches of alkali soil, waved sand dunes, closed drainage marshes and bogs, wet meadows and the diverse land of the Back waters along the river Tisza.
The different adjoining types of land have rich habitat characteristics. Most of the area of the national park is a Biosphere Reservation, which is regarded as a wet habitat of international significance according to the Ramsar Convention. Besides the natural treasures, ethnographic and culture history traditions are a determinant part of the image of the national park. The farm - like settlement structure, extensive animal husbandry, arable lands, vineyards and orchards are still characteristic of this area.
The dual principle of presentation and conservation are realised in the activity of the nationalpark. According to the principles of sustainable development, environment friendly land utilisation is carried out in order to preserve the original ecological conditions.
The visitors centre of the Kiskunság National Park Directorate called the House of Nature exhibits the natural and cultural treasures of the region between the Danube and the Tisza rivers. There are permanent and temporary exhibitions, organised events and presentations. The institution meets the requirements of our age and therefore its objectives are to popularise the development of environmnetal culture, the significance of environmnetal and nature protection as well as provide education on the processes in nature. Tourists visiting the Southern Great Plain may explore it's genuine natural features in three National Parks and attaching Lanscape Protection and Nature Conservation Areas.
This national park that encompasses diverse geographical and historical dimensions is located on the plain between the Danube and the Tisza rivers. Its mosaic structure was created as a result of extensive land utilisation. The national park was established in 1975 and has an area of almost 500 km2 . Owing to its Quaternary surface morphology, the nine regional units cover vast stretches of alkali soil, waved sand dunes, closed drainage marshes and bogs, wet meadows and the diverse land of the Back waters along the river Tisza.
The different adjoining types of land have rich habitat characteristics. Most of the area of the national park is a Biosphere Reservation, which is regarded as a wet habitat of international significance according to the Ramsar Convention. Besides the natural treasures, ethnographic and culture history traditions are a determinant part of the image of the national park. The farm - like settlement structure, extensive animal husbandry, arable lands, vineyards and orchards are still characteristic of this area. The dual principle of presentation and conservation are realised in the activity of the nationalpark. According to the principles of sustainable development, environment friendly land utilisation is carried out in order to preserve the original ecological conditions. |
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